Technology of biometric access control system and its application
Author: huifan Time: 2021-09-22
With the breakthrough of continuous development of biometric identification technology in recent years, the application in access control system is becoming more and more mature and widely used in banks, hotels, garage management, machine rooms, armories, neighborhoods, machine rooms, factories and other scenes.
Biometric access control system biotechnology and many other new technologies, mainly the human biometric features for the identification conditions of the access control system, at present, China's biometric access control system is divided into: face recognition, fingerprint recognition, iris recognition, palmprint recognition, finger vein recognition, voice recognition, etc..
Let's take a look at the most widely used face recognition access control system, fingerprint recognition access control system, iris recognition access control system, palmprint recognition access control system, two-dimensional code access control system.
1、face recognition access control system
Compared with other identification technologies, face recognition technology has unique advantages in the application process, for example, it is more convenient in the process of image information collection, and gradually becomes the most direct and natural one in biometric identification technology, which has become the focus of the current artificial intelligence as well as pattern recognition, and is also widely used in the access control system.
Face recognition access control system is to collect the face information of all the people allowed to access the access control system and stored in the face database. When a person visits the access control system, the face recognition access control system will first obtain the portrait information through the camera, and then the collected portrait information will be input into the computer and then face recognition. This process system pre-processes the visitor's portrait information to avoid the influence of expressions, lighting and input devices on the results, extracts the features from the pre-processed portrait, identifies and compares the extracted information with the face information in the database, and records the results of the identification. Once the face information that can be compared successfully is identified in the database, the access control system will receive the computer's command to open the door and realize the operation of allowing visitors to enter through the hardware part of the access control system; otherwise, the computer will not issue the command to open the door and the access control system will not be opened, and the visitor's face information will also be recorded to facilitate future inquiries and supervision.
Because the face recognition access control system can be long-distance, fast, contactless recognition, record the face, in conditional buildings and communities can be connected to the access control system blacklist database or public security organs database and real-time comparison, timely detection of suspicious personnel and automatic warning, to achieve intelligent security management.
2、Palmprint identification access control system
Palm print contains a wealth of information, the use of palm print line features, point features, texture features, geometric features can completely determine a person's identity. The basis of palmprint recognition technology is palm geometry recognition. Palm geometry recognition is through the measurement scene user's palm and finger physical characteristics to identify, advanced products can also identify the three-dimensional image.
Palm geometry recognition is relatively easy to use. It is suitable for scenarios where the number of users is high or easily accepted and the accuracy is very high. In less than l seconds, the user's identity is confirmed by detecting the size, shape, surface area and other three-dimensional features of the user's unique palm to ensure that only authorized personnel are identified to ensure that only authorized personnel can enter a specific area for the purpose of access control. As an alternative to RF card access control systems, palmprint access control systems allow users to save the cost of using and managing cards, and can also be used in conjunction with other access control systems for added security. Compared with fingerprint recognition system, palm identification system has dirt and scars do not affect the measurement, hand is very flush easy to put into the correct position of the scanner, etc., the user is easy to accept.
3、Iris recognition access control system
Iris recognition access control system is to determine people's identity and determine whether to open the door lock by comparing the similarity between iris image features. The process of iris recognition technology generally consists of four steps: First, using specific camera equipment to photograph the human eye, obtain iris images and transmit them to the image pre-processing software of the iris recognition system. Secondly, the iris is located and the inner circle, outer circle and secondary curve are determined in the image; the size of the iris in the image is adjusted to the system set parameters i.e. normalized and the image is enhanced. Third, a specific algorithm is adopted to extract the feature points required for iris recognition from the iris image and encode them. Fourthly, the feature codes obtained from feature extraction are matched one by one with the iris image feature codes in the database to determine if they are the same iris, thus achieving the purpose of identity recognition. Iris recognition access control system does not require physical contact, low false recognition rate, high reliability; but it is difficult to miniaturize the front-end equipment, the cost is very high, it is difficult to promote on a large scale.
4、two-dimensional code access control system
Two-dimensional code access control system is a cell phone two-dimensional code control and management of access control system, cloud services, two-dimensional code identification, entrance and exit management in one. Users can send control commands to the access control system through cell phones, realize the two-dimensional code to open the door, remote control to open the door, authorization management, send invitation codes to specific personnel, open and close the door record query, system log query and other functions. Users can use the access control program developed by themselves or use the cloud attendance system which has been integrated and developed by Huifan Technology to implement the operation. Ordinary users can use the access rights represented by the generated QR code after successful registration and approval by the administrator. Advanced users or administrators can review the new user applications and choose to reject them or approve them. Users can either scan the QR code at the entrance and exit through the software-generated QR code information sweep to open the access control, or fill in the invitee information, set the validity time of the QR code, and send the generated QR code to the invitee via WeChat. In the designated effective time on the access control lens scan this QR code to open the corresponding door lock and pass.
QR code access control system is characterized by direct cloud architecture server and database, custom service platform docking WeChat public interface or small program; using dynamic variable QR code method, to each user real-time allocation of an encrypted QR code, QR code refresh time can be set, no scan immediately after the QR code refresh, to prevent intentional copy theft; through the cell phone APP program or Web link cloud server, administrators or senior users can open the door remotely through cell phones; foreign visitors can obtain access to designated entrances and exits in advance; administrators can directly log into the backstage management system through the webpage to carry out management, which can realize project authorization, user audit, event query and other functions, and view and manage the application and access records of visitors anytime and anywhere; it is relatively simple to use. In view of the real name system of cell phone and cell phone mobile payment and bank account binding. There is less possibility of cell phone lending, basically you can be sure to bind the cell phone number to ensure the uniqueness of the personnel.
5、Fingerprint identification access control system
The hardware of fingerprint access control system is mainly composed of microprocessor, fingerprint identification module, LCD display module, keyboard, clock/calendar chip, electric control lock and power supply. The microprocessor acts as the upper computer of the system and controls the whole system. The fingerprint recognition module mainly completes the functions of collecting, comparing, storing and deleting fingerprint features. The LCD module is used to display information such as door opening records, real time clock and operation tips, and the keyboard? The LCD monitor module is used to display information such as door opening records, real-time clock and operation tips, and the keyboard.
Fingerprint reading device (collector) adopts photoelectric technology or capacitive technology to collect fingerprint information, then carry out feature extraction and compare with the stored feature information to complete the identification process. This process is all done in the reading device, or the reading device only collects fingerprints, and then transmits them to the background equipment (such as PC) to complete the feature extraction and identification. A device that performs fingerprint acquisition alone is easy to miniaturize, easy to use, and has a faster system recognition speed. Performing fingerprint feature acquisition requires a defined relationship between the human finger and the collector at the time of operation. Therefore, the system is slightly less friendly.
Biometrics shows that fingerprints have high uniqueness and the probability of identical fingerprints between people is very low, because of the high security, but there is still a risk of imitation. Therefore, there are products with live fingerprint collection function, mainly to increase the detection of temperature, elasticity, microvascular to confirm the authenticity of the collected finger graves. Security requirements of the access control system, in addition to fingerprint identification, other means of identification should be added, such as passwords to improve the security of the system.
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