How much do you know about biometrics technology?
Author: huifan Time: 2019-10-11
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Definition
The so-called biometrics technology is a combination of computer and optical, acoustic, biosensor and biostatistical principles, using the inherent physiological characteristics of the human body (such as fingerprints, face, iris, etc.) and behavioral features (such as handwriting, sound, gait, etc.). Identify personal identities.
On December 17, 2018, Chinese Ambassador to the UK Liu Xiaoming presented the first biometric visa to the Chinese Embassy in the United Kingdom to Christopher Pissarides, a Nobel laureate in economics and a professor at the London School of Economics and Political Science.
Traditional methods of identification include identification of items (such as keys, certificates, ATM cards, etc.) and identification knowledge (such as usernames and passwords). However, due to the use of in vitro objects, once the identification of identification items and identification knowledge is stolen or forgotten, Its identity is easily impersonated or replaced by others.
Biometrics are more secure, confidential, and convenient than traditional methods of identification. Biometrics technology is not easy to forget, anti-counterfeiting performance, not easy to forge or stolen, carry it with you and use it anytime, anywhere.
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Many biometric identification technologies have emerged, such as fingerprint recognition, palm geometry recognition, iris recognition, retina recognition, facial recognition, signature recognition, and voice recognition. However, some of the high-tech biometric identification methods are still in the experimental stage. We believe that with the rapid advancement of science and technology, more and more biometric technologies will be applied to real life.
Fingerprint recognition
There are several ways to implement fingerprint recognition. Some of them follow the traditional methods used by the public security department to compare the local details of fingerprints; some are identified directly by all features; others use more unique methods such as the rippled edge pattern of fingerprints and ultrasound. Some devices can measure finger fingerprints on the fly, while others can't. Among all biometric technologies, fingerprint recognition is the most widely used one.
Fingerprint recognition is more suitable for indoor security systems, because there are sufficient conditions for users to provide explanations and training, and the system operating environment is also controllable. Due to its relatively low price, small size (which can be easily integrated into the keyboard) and easy integration, almost all applications in the workstation secure access system are fingerprint recognition.
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Palm geometry recognition
HF-FR606P Palm Vein & Face & Fingerprint Time Attendance Device
Palm geometry recognition is identified by measuring the physical characteristics of the user's palms and fingers, and advanced products can also recognize three-dimensional images. As an established method, palm geometry recognition not only has good performance but also is convenient to use. It is suitable for occasions where the number of users is large, or users do not use it often, but it is easy to accept when used. The accuracy of this technique can be very high if needed, while flexibly adjusting the performance of biometric technology to accommodate a wide range of user requirements. Hand readers are used in a wide range of applications and are easily integrated into other systems, making them the technology of choice for many biometric projects.
Iris recognition
Iris recognition is a technique that produces less interference with humans in biometrics associated with the eye. It uses fairly common camera components and does not require user contact with the machine. Also, it can achieve higher template matching performance. Therefore, it attracts the attention of various people. Previously, iris scanning equipment had no advantages in terms of ease of operation and system integration, and we hope that new products will improve in these areas.
Vein recognition
Vein recognition, using the near-infrared reading vein mode, comparing with the stored vein pattern, and performing identification techniques for personal identification. The working principle is that the blood flowing in the human finger can absorb the light of a specific wavelength, and the finger is irradiated with the specific wavelength light to obtain a clear image of the finger vein. Using this inherent scientific feature, the acquired image will be analyzed and processed to obtain the biometric characteristics of the finger vein, and the obtained finger vein feature information will be compared with the previously registered finger vein feature to confirm the registrant. identity of.
The vein recognition system first obtains the individual vein distribution map through the vein recognition instrument, extracts the feature value from the vein distribution map according to the special comparison algorithm, and acquires the image of the finger, the palm and the back vein of the hand through the infrared CCD camera, and stores the digital image of the vein in the vein image. In computer systems, feature values are stored. When the vein is compared, the vein map is taken in real-time to extract the feature values, and the advanced filtering, image binarization and refinement methods are used to extract the features of the digital image, and the venous feature values are stored in the host, and a complex matching algorithm is used. The venous features are matched to identify individuals and confirm their identity.
In the face of huge market development, the new generation of access control products that embed vein identification products into the access control system is becoming more mature with the preparation of previous years. To seek the intelligent development of the access control system and catch up with the rapidly developing trains in the access control market, enterprises with vein identification technology in China are ready to go and seek blasting development. Based on this, we will develop a series of products suitable for the Chinese market and successfully apply them to industries or departments such as prisons, family planning, coal mines, information security, finance, education, and social security. At the same time, many access control companies are also opening up the blue ocean with the introduction of "venous" as the access control market.
Character recognition
Character recognition, also known as face recognition, or portrait recognition, uses advanced biometrics in the field of artificial intelligence, especially computer technology that uses analysis to compare people's visual characteristics information for identity identification. Character Recognition Overview The generalized character recognition includes a series of related technologies for constructing the character recognition system, including character image collection, character positioning, character recognition preprocessing, identity confirmation, and identity search; while narrow character recognition refers to identity through characters. Technology or system for confirmation of identity lookup
Character recognition application
In 2010, the Internet of Things industry was defined as a strategic emerging industry and was strongly supported by governments at all levels. After the introduction of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the Internet of Things became the most dazzling industrial star.
As an important part of the Internet of Things technology, the application of biometrics technology is in the stage of rapid growth of the industry. I also received more attention in this selection activity. Biometrics technology has developed rapidly in the world since 2001. The global biometrics market can be divided into the following aspects according to different applications: electronic access control and attendance management, computer terminal access control, government and judicial departments (people) Face recognition systems or fingerprint recognition systems, consumers or merchants are used to buy and sell transactions and many other applications.
Face recognition technology is used in many fields
1. Enterprise, residential security, and management. Such as face recognition access control attendance system, face recognition security door and so on.
2. Electronic passport and ID card.
3. Public security, justice, and criminal investigation.
4. Self-service.
5. Information security. Such as computer login, e-government, and e-commerce
Signature recognition
Signature recognition has advantages in applications that are not found in other biometrics. People have become accustomed to using signatures as a way to identify them in transactions, and its further development will not make people feel too different. Practice has proved that signature recognition is quite accurate, so signatures can easily become an acceptable identifier. But compared to other biometric products, these products are rare today.
Voice recognition
Voice recognition is a technique for recognizing by analyzing the physical characteristics of a user's voice. Nowadays, although some voice recognition products have entered the market, they are not very convenient to use, mainly because the sensor and human voice are very variable. Also, compared to other biometric technologies, the steps used are more complicated and inconvenient in some cases. A lot of research work is going on, we believe that voice recognition technology will make significant progress.
Gene recognition
With the development of the Human Genome Project, people's understanding of the structure and function of genes has been deepened and applied to personal identification. Because among the 6 billion people in the world, people who are born at the same time or have the same name, looks the same, and have the same voice may exist, fingerprints may disappear, but only genes are the ones that represent your genetic characteristics and never change. Sign. According to reports, in the form of smart cards, genetic identification cards containing personal genetic information have appeared in Sichuan, Hubei, and Hong Kong.
To make this kind of genetic identification card, the first is to obtain the relevant genes and to carry out tests, select characteristic sites (DNA fingerprints), and then load them into the computer storage of the center, so that the genetic identification card is produced. If people like to add a personal medical record and carry out genetic testing, it is also possible. After issuing the genetic identification card, the doctor and the relevant medical institution can use the smart card reader to read the medical records of the person concerned.
Gene recognition is an advanced biometric technology, but for technical reasons, real-time sampling and rapid identification are not possible, which limits its wide application to some extent.
In addition to the biometric techniques mentioned above, there are techniques for identifying by odors, earlobes and other features. But they can’t go into everyday life today.
Gait recognition
Gait recognition, using the camera to collect the image sequence of the human walking process, and processing and comparing with the stored data to achieve the purpose of identification. The Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has conducted some research. As a biometric technology, gait recognition has the unique advantages that other biometric technologies do not have, that is, the recognition potential in the case of long-distance or low video quality, and the gait is difficult to hide or disguise. Gait recognition is mainly for the analysis of moving image sequences containing humans, usually including three stages: motion detection, feature extraction and processing, and recognition classification.
However, there are still many problems that restrict their development. For example, the angle of shooting changes, the clothing of the identified person is different, and there are different things. When the captured image is extracted, the recognition effect will be changed. However, this identification technology can achieve long-distance identification with outstanding performance in active defense. If you can break through the existing constraints, it will be useful in practical applications
