How Does Fingerpirnt Scanner Work
Author: huifan Time: 2020-09-14
With the continuous reform and development of biometrics technology, fingerprint
scanning technology is suddenly more important than ever before. Next, we will
discuss with you what technology is required for fingerprint scanning technology?
Do you know how fingerprint scanning technology works? How does it change our
work and life?
What is our android fingerprint scanner next? How does the fingerprint scanner work?
Why use a fingerprint scanner? These three pieces of content will bring everyone
into the world of fingerprint scanners.
What is a fingerprint scanner?
In a broad sense, a fingerprint scanner is a security system of biometric
technology (people can identify or verify the research field of this technology
based on the biometrics of fingerprints). In summary, fingerprints are unique.
For example, someone installs fingerprints on door locks, and we are familiar
with fingerprint scanner door locks. This kind of door lock with fingerprints.
It has good security, and has strict visitor control and monitoring functions for
people entering and leaving.
How does fingerprint scanning technology work?
For decades, computer fingerprint scanners have been talked about by
detective fans and science fiction fans. However, in the past few years,
scanners have begun to appear everywhere-police stations, heavily
guarded buildings and even PC keyboards. Now, you can get a personal
USB fingerprint scanner for less than $100. In this way, your computer can
be protected by high-tech biosafety technology, so that the computer does
not need a password, and it requires a unique fingerprint to access it.
This technology has made exciting developments in the areas of law
enforcement and identity security
Fingerprints are one of the miracles of nature. Humans therefore happen
to have a built-in, easily accessible ID. Everyone’s fingertips have a unique
design that uniquely represents him. How did this happen?
There are small ridges on the skin of human fingers. These ridges and wave
patterns are placed in the hands of people to grab things, causing the rubber
tire tread pattern to cause the tire to grab the ground. It can be seen that
this special adaptation is extremely beneficial to human ancestors.
Another function of fingerprints is purely coincidental. Like other parts of
the human body, ridges are the result of a combination of genetic and
environmental factors. For example, the specific location of fat in the uterus
at a certain moment and the composition and density of the surrounding
amniotic fluid can determine the formation of each cristae.
Therefore, in addition to the countless events that initially determined gene
structure, there are countless environmental factors that affect the formation
of fingerprints. These factors form the climatic conditions of clouds or coastlines,
and the entire development process is very random and random. In fact, throughout
the course of human history, no two people will have exactly the same fingerprint.
Fingerprints are a unique mark of individual humans, and twins who look the same are
no exception. At a glance, a well-trained investigator or advanced software can find a
clear and clear difference between two basically the same fingerprints.
This is the basic idea of fingerprint analysis in crime investigation and security work.
The job of the fingerprint scanner is to replace human analysts by collecting fingerprint
samples and comparing them with other recorded samples
The fingerprint scanner system has a few basic tasks: one is to obtain an image of the
finger, and the other is to determine whether the crests and troughs in the image are
consistent with the crests and troughs in the previously scanned image.
The most commonly used methods are optical scanning and capacitive scanning.
These two scanning methods work in completely different ways, but both get the
same image.
The core component of an optical scanner is a coaxial insertion device (CCD), which
is the same as the optical sensor system used in digital cameras and camcorders.
CCD is nothing more than a group of photosensitive diodes (called photosensitive
devices), which can generate electrical signals under the action of photons. Each
photosensitive device records an error, that is, a tiny dot representing the beam
hitting that point. The light and dark represent the image that together constitute
the scanned scene (for example, a finger). Usually, there is an analog-to-digital
converter in the scanner system to process analog electronic signals to produce
a digital representation of the image. For more information about CCD and digital
conversion, see How Digital Cameras Work.
The scanner is equipped with a light source, usually a set of light-emitting diodes,
to illuminate the crests of the fingers. When you put your finger on the glass panel,
the scanning process starts, and the CCD camera takes the fingerprint photo. In fact,
what the CCD system produces is the inverted image of the finger. The darker area
represents the incident reflected light (the crest of the finger), and the brighter area
represents the alternate reflected light (the wave trough of the finger).
Before comparing fingerprints with stored data, the scanner processor must ensure
that the CCD captures a clear image. It checks the overall value of the darkness or
another small sample. If the overall image is too dark or too bright, the scan will be
discarded. So the scanner adjusts the exposure time to allow more or longer light to
enter, and scan again.
If the darkness is appropriate, the scanner system will continue to check the resolution
of the image (the sharpness of the fingerprint scan). The processor will look at several
straight lines that move in the vertical and horizontal directions on the image. If the line
perpendicular to the crest is composed of very dark speculations and very bright expected
interactions, then it means that the fingerprint image is well resolved.
Capacitance fingerprint scanner
On a "flat" integrated with thousands of semiconductor devices, the finger is attached
to the upper side to form the other side of the capacitor (inductance). The capacitive
fingerprint device: Bai recognizes the fingerprint through the change of the capacitive
pressure sensitivity value . Due to the unevenness of the finger plane, the actual distance
between the convex point and the concave point to touch the plate is different, and the
formed capacitance/inductance value is also different. The device will collect the different
values according to this principle to complete it. Fingerprint collection. When the user places
this finger on the front, the skin forms a plate of the capacitor array, and the back of the
capacitor array is an insulating plate. Since the distance between the ridges and valleys
of the fingerprints in different areas is not similar, the capacitance of each unit changes
accordingly, and the fingerprint image can be introduced.
Use fingerprint scanning technology
Authentication technology
AuthenTec is an Israeli company founded in 1998. It is the world's leading provider
of fingerprint authentication sensors and solutions for mass PCs, wireless devices and
access control markets. The annual investment in fingerprint scanner products is as high
as 100 million, and it has nearly 200 patents, including fingerprint identification chips,
packaging, software and finally Use and other aspects. But how could this leader in
fingerprint recognition be picked up by Apple and bought it?
This company makes Apple greedy
In 2011, AuthenTec developed a new fingerprint recognition technology based on
capacitance and radio frequency identification, called "TruePrint". The patented TruePrint
technology can read the active layer under the skin surface (human fingerprints are really
nearby) to achieve extreme accuracy Reliable fingerprint imaging. This subcutaneous
reading method can cope with common skin surface conditions and truly read all fingerprints
anytime, anywhere.
TruePrint fingerprint recognition technology principle
The basic principle is that the finger forms one pole of the capacitor, and the fingerprint
sensor is the other pole. When identification is needed, the sensor applies voltage to the
surface of the finger. Because the surface of the finger is uneven, the electric field value
measured by each sensor is different, so that a dense enough sensor input note can replace
a fingerprint image. And because dead skin is not conductive, it can directly detect the
fingerprint image of the dermis.
Trueprint technology can detect fingerprint images of the dermis
From the end of 2011 to the beginning of 2012, AuthenTec began to keep in touch with
consumer electronics manufacturers, including HP, Lenovo, Fuji, Samsung, Lucent and
other major customers, hoping to obtain funding from other manufacturers. But few
manufacturers are interested in this matter. In the end, only Apple paid great attention
to this matter, so AuthenTec executives began to negotiate with Apple, but they have
been in a stalemate.
Today, fingerprint scanning technology has become the first choice for user security.
Some countries have begun to use fingerprints as a series of government projects.
For example, the Nigerian government selects the voting system and uses the HF7000
wireless Bluetooth fingerprint scanner time clock to ensure that every vote is taken
by the Pakistani government, and that every government employee is checked in. Accuracy.
Rich experience in hf7000 bluetooth fingerprint scanner applications
On March 4, 2012, Apple proposed to acquire the company's engineering team to develop
products for Apple, but the AuthenTec executives did not agree. After that, the two sides
conducted several negotiations. Everyone has seen the final result: On July 27, 2012, Apple
acquired AuthenTec for US$356 million. And after that, the world's first disposable fingerprint
recognition mobile phone with transformer was launched.
Advantages and disadvantages of fingerprint scanning technology
Advantages of fingerprint scanner recognition:
·Fingerprints are unique features of the human body, and the difference in their complexity
provides sufficient features for identification;
·If you want to increase reliability, immediately register more fingerprints and identify more
fingers, up to ten, and each fingerprint is unique;
·The speed of scanning fingerprints is very fast and it is very convenient to use
·When reading fingerprints, the user's necessary fingers are in contact with the fingerprint
collection head, and direct contact with the fingerprint collection head is the most reliable
way to read human biological characteristics;
·The fingerprint collection head can be more miniaturized, and the price will be lower;
Disadvantages of fingerprint scanner recognition:
·Some people or groups of people have few fingerprint features and are difficult to image;
·Because fingerprints were used in criminal records in the past, some people were afraid of
"recording fingerprints". In fact, all current fingerprint authentication technologies are available;
·It does not store any data containing fingerprint images, but only stores encrypted fingerprint
characteristic data obtained from fingerprints;
· Every time a fingerprint is used, the user's fingerprint print will be left on the fingerprint collector,
and these fingerprint traces may be copied.
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